نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
عنوان مقاله English
نویسندگان English
The aim of this study is to investigate the asymmetric and nonlinear relationships between economic and social variables and individual migration in Iran. To achieve the objective of the study, a Non-linear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) model was employed to estimate the positive and negative shocks of each explanatory variable separately. The model specified individual migration as the dependent variable, alongside explanatory variables including educational inequality, per capita income, inflation, unemployment, and life expectancy. Following the stationarity testing of the variables, the model was estimated within a time-series framework, and the bounds testing approach was utilized to examine cointegration. The short-run results revealed that the lagged values of the migration variable exert a negative and statistically significant effect, indicating an adjustment mechanism and dynamic persistence in the migration process. Increased unemployment, elevated inflation, and a decline in per capita income were identified as the primary drivers of migration growth in the short term. Conversely, reducing educational inequality and improving the life expectancy index significantly attenuated the intensity of migration. The long-run relationships indicate that a decrease in economic welfare (GDPPC⁻) and both positive and negative inflationary shocks (INF⁺ and INF⁻) have a positive and significant effect on migration growth, whereas an increase in educational inequality (EGINI⁺) has led leads to a decrease in migration. Furthermore, the error correction coefficient (ECMt-1) in the short run was estimated 2.927 and is statistically significant, demonstrating that approximately 2.927 units of short-run disequilibrium caused by exogenous shocks to individual migration are adjusted toward long-run equilibrium in each period. The findings of this research highlight the necessity of focusing on economic stability (controlling inflation and supporting per capita income) and enhancing social welfare (educational equity and health) as key strategies to curb migration.
کلیدواژهها English