Review of social studies of HIV/AIDS for the last quarter of a century shows that three distinct paradigms of "behavioral risks", "cultural meanings". and "structural factors or radical constructionist" have been the dominant paradigmatic orientations behind most of the individual, groups, national, and international programs and interventions on HIV/AIDS. This article investigates the stance and the relationship of demography with these paradigmatic orientations and through examination of the mission, vision, and subject matter of recent paradigms in demography attempts to introduce "critical social demography of HIV/AIDS" in Iran. It argues that in order to succeed in management of the problem, to prevent it from turning into a serious social crisis, countries such as Iran have to pay simultaneous and equal attention on structural, as well constructionist factors to the problems in their society and adopt an active social intervention strategy based on these factors. This in turn, necessitates active creation, adoption and use of paradigms, theories, knowledge, and applied programs that are created in social sciences and more specifically in "critical social demography of HIV/AIDS".