Causes of Migrations and Demographic - Economic Aspects of inter - township Migrants: comparative study of the rural - to - urban and urban - to - rural migrations in Iran, 1966-2006

Raghfar, Hossein; Ghasemi Ardahaee, Ali

Causes of Migrations and Demographic - Economic Aspects of inter - township Migrants: comparative study of the rural - to - urban and urban - to - rural migrations in Iran, 1966-2006

Authors

Hossein Raghfar ¹

Ali Ghasemi Ardahaee ²

¹ Faculty member, Department of Economics, University of Az-Zahra, Tehran, Iran

² PhD Student of Demography, University of Tehran

Abstract

Migrations from the less developed areas to the more developed ones often create problems that, in order to cope with these problems, make the migrants' characteristics crucial information to understand the causes of the migrations for policymakers. These characteristics consist of the age-sex composition, economic status, employment status and job specifications, education, marital status, size of the migrants' households.
This article tries to study the causes of two types of migrations, from rural-to-urban and urban-to-rural areas, and to compare the results. To this end, a twenty-percent sample of the 2006 national census is used. Statistical tests and the related analysis are carried out on 167000 migrants. Statistical results are tested with bivariate tests (including chi-square, Cramer's V and Phi tests) and multivariate tests (including binary Logistic regression). Findings show that among the causes of the migrations, there is a significant difference in the age-sex composition from rural-to-urban and urban-to-rural migrations. This result is consistent with the findings of other studies. The results of this study can be used for socio-economic planning and demographic policymaking.

Keywords

Migration

Migrant's Demographic-economic Characteristics

Urban-to-rural and Rural-to-urban Migration

Migrant age-sex Composition

Causes of Migration