Journal of Population Association of Iran

Journal of Population Association of Iran

Demand for the Second Child Among Iranian Families: The Role of Economic Determinants and Intra-Household Bargaining Power

Authors
Maryam Moeini 1
Abolghasem Pourreza 2
Fatemeh Torabi 3
1 Associate Professor of Health Economics, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2 2. Professor, Department of Management and Health Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Demography, University of Tehran
Abstract
During the recent years, the total fertility rate in Iran has fallen below the replacement level. Thus, researchers pay special attention to the second birth in Iranian families. This study analyzes the extent to which economic determinants and intra-household bargaining power are associated to the second birth among Iranian families. A sample of 13088 Iranian families living in 30 provinces were selected from the 2010 Household Expenditure and Income Survey. The data has a two-level hierarchical structure in which households with married couples are nested within thirty provinces. A random intercept multilevel Logit regression function is specified based on a collective model of intra-household bargaining power. According to the results, the probability of demand for the second child drops in direct proportion to the real per capita educational expenditure in each family and the average real house rent in each province. In addition, higher levels of difference in spouses' educational attainment and higher levels of gender gap indices, resulting in women's limited power over family decision making, positively affect the probability of demand for a second child. The findings indicate that economic determinants together with the distribution of bargaining power between spouses exert significant influences on demand for second birth among Iranian families.
Keywords
Fertility
Multilevel Analysis
Intra-household bargaining power
Economic determinants
Iran
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Journal of Population Association of Iran
Volume 7, Issue 14
November 2012
Pages 113-136

  • Receive Date 06 April 2025